What is an oxy-fueled cutting flame that has too much oxygen called?

An oxy-fueled cutting flame that has too much oxygen is referred to as an oxidizing flame. In this type of flame, the excess oxygen promotes a combustion reaction that can lead to a hotter and more aggressive flame. This can be particularly useful in cutting processes where a clean cut is desired, but it can also result in oxidation of the metal being cut, which may not be ideal for all materials.

An oxidizing flame is characterized by its shorter, sharper inner cone, which indicates a higher temperature. This type of flame is often used in scenarios where a clean-cut edge is essential but can be detrimental when cutting materials that are sensitive to oxidation or require a more controlled heat application, such as certain alloys or metals that can become brittle or discolored when oxidized.

In contrast, a neutral flame has a balanced ratio of oxygen to acetylene, providing an optimal environment for welding without altering the composition of the metal. A carburizing flame has an excess of acetylene and is used when a softer flame is needed to avoid oxidation or for specific welding techniques. A reducing flame also indicates a fuel-rich environment and protects the base metal from oxidation but is distinct from the purely oxidizing conditions described in this question.