What is the significance of soil compaction in highway construction?

Soil compaction plays a crucial role in highway construction primarily because it increases the stability and load-bearing capacity of the foundation. When soil is properly compacted, it reduces the amount of air space between particles, leading to denser and stronger soil. This process enhances the soil's ability to support the weight of the structures being built upon it, such as the road and any traffic loads.

A well-compacted foundation minimizes the risk of settling or shifting over time, which can lead to structural failures such as cracking and deformation of the roadway. This stability is essential for safety and durability, ensuring that the highway can withstand various loads and environmental conditions over its intended lifespan. Additionally, proper compaction ultimately contributes to the overall performance of the highway, reducing maintenance needs and prolonging the lifespan of the pavement.

While factors such as cost efficiency, aesthetics, and speed of construction are important in highway projects, they are secondary to the critical importance of a solid and stable foundation achieved through effective soil compaction.